A DBMS has a number of important features and functions, such as:

Data definition: A database management system (DBMS) lets users define the structure of the data in the database, including the types of data and how they relate to each other.

Data manipulation: A DBMS lets users add, change, delete, and retrieve data from the database in a certain format.

Data security: A DBMS has security features that make sure only people who are allowed to can access and change the data in the database.

Data integrity: A DBMS makes sure that the data in the database is correct and consistent. It also has ways to make sure that data doesn’t get lost or corrupted.

Data recovery: A DBMS has ways to get back lost data if the system crashes or something else goes wrong.

Data consistency: A DBMS can make sure that the data in the database is the same for all users and applications, even if they are accessing and changing it at the same time.

Relational databases: Relational databases are the most common type of DBMS, and they are based on E.F. Codd’s relational model, which he invented in 1970. A relational database stores data in tables, while foreign keys define the relationships between tables. MySQL, Oracle, SQL Server, and PostgreSQL are examples of relational databases.

Document databases: Rather than tables, this type of DBMS stores data in the form of documents. Each document can contain a variety of data kinds, and the relationships between them are defined by embedding data or connecting documents. MongoDB, Couchbase, and RavenDB are examples of document databases.

Key-value stores: This type of DBMS stores data as key-value pairs, with each key corresponding to a specific value. Key-value stores are simple and fast, but they lack extensive querying features. Redis and Riak are two examples of key-value stores.

Graph databases: This type of database management system (DBMS) holds data in the form of nodes and edges and is used to represent and query graph-like data. Graph databases are ideal for applications with complicated data interactions, such as social networks and recommendation systems. Neo4j, JanusGraph, and ArangoDB are examples of graph databases.

Object-oriented databases: This type of database management system (DBMS) stores data as objects, which are instances of a given class. Object-oriented databases work well with applications created in object-oriented programming languages like Java and C++. MongoDB and Couchbase are two examples of object-oriented databases.

Columnar databases: This form of DBMS stores data in columns rather than rows. When specific columns are requested, this results in speedier data retrieval. Apache Cassandra, Amazon Redshift, and Google Bigtable are examples of columnar databases.

Choosing the proper sort of DBMS is dependent on the application or system’s specific demands, such as the type of data being stored, performance requirements, and querying capabilities.

MySQL:

MySQL is a popular open-source relational database management system. It is well-known for its dependability, performance, and simplicity of use. It’s common in web-based applications like content management systems and e-commerce platforms.

Oracle:

Oracle is a commercial relational database management system that is widely used in business. It is well-known for its scalability, performance, and security. Oracle databases are widely utilised in large-scale corporate applications such as finance and enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems.

SQL Server:

SQL Server is a relational database management system created by Microsoft. It is used in Windows-based environments and is well-known for its scalability, performance, and security capabilities. SQL Server databases are widely utilised in commercial applications such as finance and ERP systems.

PostgreSQL:

PostgreSQL is a relational database management system that is open-source and well-known for its advanced features such as support for complex data types, full-text search, and built-in replication. It is frequently used for large, complicated data-intensive applications.

MongoDB: MongoDB is a well-known open-source document database management system. It is well-known for its scalability and flexibility, and it is frequently used in unstructured data applications such as content management systems and social networks.

Firebase:

Firebase is a Backend as a Service (BaaS) by Google. It offers a cloud-based platform for developing mobile and web applications. It offers real-time data storage, authentication, and hosting, making it a popular choice for swiftly developing and deploying mobile and web apps.